Development of fresh financial risk instruments and optimization of capital management 📗 Optimization of capital management is achieved through the integration of intelligent systems and algorithms that help investors make informed decisions.New types of cryptocurrencies and blockchain-based solutions will emerge. This will lead to widespread adoption of cryptocurrencies in areas such as healthcare, government, shipping and many others, significantly expanding their scope of use and increasing their impact on the global economy.**Funding is a mechanism for regulating the prices of perpetual futures in order to synchronize them with the underlying assets on the spot market. It allows you to control the market and prevent unreasonable fluctuations in the value of contracts. The presented context of funding in cryptocurrency DEX exchanges shows that this is not just a mechanism for regulating prices, but an important tool for ensuring stability in the market. In modern conditions of the growing popularity of cryptocurrencies and decentralized exchanges, such mechanisms are becoming key for investors and traders. 📗 Future Trends Futures funding is an economic mechanism used in financial markets, including cryptocurrency platforms, that serves to align the prices of futures contracts with the spot market prices of the underlying asset. This mechanism incentivizes market participants through periodic payments that depend on the difference between the price of the futures contract and the spot price of the underlying asset. Basic Ideas and Mechanisms📗 Futures Contract A futures contract is a standardized agreement between two parties to buy or sell a specific asset (e.g. oil, gold, stocks, cryptocurrency, cyber token) in the future at a pre-agreed price. The main purpose of such contracts is to hedge risks and speculate on price changes. 📗 Futures FundingFutures funding is a process by which traders and investors can protect their investments from adverse price movements or profit from the prediction of such changes. The following main mechanisms are used for this: Hedging: Protecting against price risk by buying or selling futures contracts.Speculation: Profiting from price changes by buying or selling futures contracts.Futures Contract FormulaThe formula used to determine the price of a futures contract is as follows: F=S⋅r⋅TF = S \cdot e^{r \cdot T}F=S⋅er⋅T Where: F is the price of the futures contract, S is the current price of the asset, R — risk-free interest rate, T — time until contract expiration, e is the base of the natural logarithm. Calculation Example https://clck.ru/3Bh3HJLet's assume that the current price of oil is $50 per barrel, the risk-free interest rate is 5% per annum, and the contract expires in 1 year. Then the futures price will be calculated as follows: F=50⋅e0.05⋅1≈52.55F = 50 \cdot e^{0.05 \cdot 1} \approx 52.55F=50⋅e0.05⋅1≈52.55 Thus, the futures price of oil in a year is approximately $52.55 per barrel. Application of Funding in Cryptocurrency MarketsTo maintain consistency between futures prices and spot prices in cryptocurrency markets, a specific funding mechanism is used. Funding payments are calculated as follows: Paymentfunding=Nominal Size×(Index Price−Future Price)×Time Where: Nominal Size\text{Nominal Size}Nominal Size — nominal position size,Index Price\text{Index Price}Index Price — index (spot) price of the underlying asset,Future Price\text{Future Price}Future Price — the price of the futures contract,Time\text{Time}Time — time interval until the next funding period.Example of Funding CalculationConsider a Bitcoin futures contract with an Index Price\text{Index Price}Index Price of $60,000, a Future Price\text{Future Price}Future Price of $61,000, a notional position size of 1 Bitcoin, and a funding interval of 8 hours. The funding payment is calculated as follows: Paymentfunding=1×(60000−61000)×824=−333.33\text{Payment}_{\text{funding}} = 1 \times (60000 - 61000) \times \frac{8}{24} = -333.33Paymentfunding =1×(60000−61000)×248=−333.33 In this case, long position holders pay $333.33 to short position holders after 8 hours. This payment incentivizes the maintenance of parity between the spot and futures markets. Practical useHedging: An investor expecting a fall in oil prices buys an oil futures contract at $52.55. If the price of oil falls, he will be able to sell at a higher price, compensating for losses from the fall in oil prices.Speculation: A trader predicting a rise in oil prices buys a futures contract. If the oil price increases to $60, the trader will make a profit by selling the contract at the new price.Visualization and IntuitionTo better understand the futures funding mechanism, you can use graphical visualization: X-axis: Time to expiration.Y-axis: Asset price.Line S: Current asset price.Line F: Futuresprice calculated using the formula.Examples on the chart show the current price of oil ($50) and the futures price in a year ($52.55) as points on the asset price line. Hedging and speculation are represented as different price paths on the chart. Futures funding is a powerful financial market tool that allows traders and investors to effectively manage risk and benefit from price changes. The use of mathematical formulas and strategies ensures accurate forecasting and control of futures market processes, making trading in this market both scientific and skillful. Integration of Neural Networks and Blockchain in Futures FundingModern technologies such as neural networks and blockchain significantly increase the efficiency and reliability of futures funding mechanisms. Let's look at how these innovations are integrated into this process. Neural networksNeural networks are used to analyze huge amounts of data and predict prices in the futures market. Using machine learning, models are trained on historical data, identify patterns, and make accurate predictions, allowing traders to make informed decisions. Application examples include: 1. **Data analysis**: Neural networks analyze past and current data on prices, trading volumes and other market indicators. 2. **Price Forecasting**: Trained models predict future price changes for underlying assets and futures contracts. 3. **Automation of trading**: Neural networks are integrated into algorithmic trading systems, which allows you to automatically execute trades based on forecasts. BlockchayBlockchain provides transparency, security and immutability of data, which is critical for financial markets. In the context of futures funding, blockchain is used to: 1. **Ensuring transparency**: All transactions and contract changes are recorded in a distributed ledger, which is accessible to all market participants. 2. **Security Guarantees**: The decentralized nature of the blockchain prevents fraud and ensures secure data storage. 3. **Simplified settlements**: Smart contracts automate the funding calculation process, ensuring timely and accurate payments. New Social PlatformsA project like dao_great_tartary combines advances in neural networks and blockchain to create an innovative social platform. This allows market participants to use advanced technology to improve trading efficiency and make more informed decisions. Funding Operation PrincipleFunding in the perpetual futures markets involves regular payments to traders with open positions. These payments occur several times a day and help reduce the difference in long-term prices between the underlying asset and the derivative contract. As a result, the price of futures is consistent with the market value of the underlying assets. Practical Application Examples1. **Hedging**:- **Situation**: An investor expects a fall in oil prices. - **Action**: Buy a futures contract for the sale of oil at a price of $52.55. - **Result**: If the price of oil falls, the investor compensates for the losses by selling the oil at a pre-fixed higher price. 2. **Speculation**:- **Situation**: The trader predicts an increase in oil prices. - **Action**: Buy an oil futures contract. - **Result**: If the price of oil rises to $60, the trader makes a profit by selling the contract at the new price Visualization and IntuitionUsing charts and visual tools helps to better understand the futures funding mechanism: 1. **X-Axis**: Time until contract expiration. 2. **Y-axis**: Asset price. 3. **Line S**: Current asset price. 4. **Line F**: Futures price calculated using the formula. Futures funding is a key mechanism in financial markets to effectively manage risk and benefit from price changes. Modern technologies such as neural networks and blockchain significantly increase forecasting accuracy, security and transparency of operations. This makes trading in the futures markets a highly efficient and science-based process that combines advances in finance and advanced technology. The Future of Futures FundingWith the development of technology, the role of neural networks and blockchain in futures funding will only increase. Possible areas of development include: Improved machine learning algorithms: More accurate forecasting models will help traders and investors make more informed decisions. Expanding the use of smart contracts: Automation and security of transactions will play a key role in the future of financial markets. Creation of new financial instruments: Combining futures with other derivatives and innovative contracts will allow for better risk and capital management. Futures funding will continue to be an important element of financial markets, contributing to trading stability and efficiencyoperations, and the integration of advanced technologies will ensure its further development and improvement. ✔️ Funding in cryptocurrency DEX exchanges: academic definition and functioning mechanismsFunding in cryptocurrency exchanges is a mechanism whose purpose is to regulate prices on perpetual contracts and underlying assets on the spot market. This process is carried out through regular changes in funding rates, which are automatically debited from some traders and credited to others several times a day The mechanism of funding depends on the ratio of the price of a perpetual futures to the price of the underlying asset. If the price of a perpetual futures exceeds the price of the underlying asset, then the funding is considered positive. In this case, the exchange charges the funding rate from traders who have open long positions and credits it to traders who have open short positions. In the opposite situation, when the price of a perpetual futures contract is lower than the price of the underlying asset, funding is considered negative. In this case, the funding rate is charged to short positions and credited to long positionsThe frequency and changes in funding rates depend on the policies of the specific exchange and current crypto market conditions. These rates are usually revised every few hours to reflect changes in market dynamicIt is important to note that investing in financial instruments associated with funding carries financial risks and requires an appropriate level of expertise and market analysis. This process does not constitute individual investment advice and requires caution on the part of market participants. ✔️ Funding therefore plays an important role in maintaining stability and fairness on cryptocurrency exchanges by ensuring a balance between long-term contracts and current prices of underlying assets. Transaction:https://bit.ly/3QFaIfGhttps://lyl.su/Au7ihttps://tonscan.org/address/EQDj24PVkj0vEpCgnoQzAtQ4HdETGToMrNN0WdqmmqTEi6oaCyber Exchange and the D_GEN module are an artifact that will change your life forever.Original: https://dzen.ru/a/ZmcCePYwUHhn8x9zhttps://lyl.su/QAr9